Media Portrayal Of Women s Roles And Responsibilities Essay

For decades, media images have bombarded the minds of viewers. One of the images which has had a strong influence on society is that of women. Movie stars and actresses have inclined women to see their beauty and talent and encouraged them to follow in their footsteps. A strong desire to emulate talented individuals, in action and dress, has shaped strong beauty and role diversification in a short period of time. With the influx of women cast in ‘moving’ pictures and (later) television shows, the construction of inaccurate ideas concerning an â€Å"ideal† woman’s looks and responsibilities has emerged. Yet, women and young girls continue trying to emulate the roles and images they see on TV. American culture is saturated with messages in mass media and the effects are not always positive on society. The media portrayal of the â€Å"typical† American women’s roles and responsibilities has transformed the ideology of what a woman should be. A so ciological definition of gender is a system of social practices creating and maintaining differences among people and organizing unequal relations because of differences. As Taylor Chapman puts it, â€Å"Mass media is especially harmful to women because it constructs negative perceptions of women and reinforces them on a daily basis† (2011). An examination of the historical images portrayed in the movie and television industries reveals an interesting representation of the â€Å"women† of an era and inequality in responsibilities. The representations ofShow MoreRelatedNegative Influence on Women in the Media Melanic R. Salomes Article853 Words   |  3 Pagesof in media . Salome considers media as an important tool that affects American women in a negative way. Media has become of paramount interest in our lives, despite the fact that its negative influences on us are increasing at a rapid pace. Media promotes unrealistic and unattainable images that result in depress ion and dissatisfaction among people. Therefore, media reflects the image of society and the way people think about themselves. Moreover, The writer strives to show the portrayal of womenRead MoreDoes Advertising Affect Self-Image1116 Words   |  5 Pagesa writer from the Media Awareness Network, marketers are held responsible for systematically creating anxiety, promoting envy, and fostering feelings of inadequacy and insecurity to sell us their products. While these marketers believe that advertising only mirrors societys values and alerts them to new products and bargains, they are either oblivious to their detrimental effects on society, specifically the teenage and female markets, or are ignorant to the truth. The Media Awareness NetworkRead MoreGender Portrayals Of Women s Advertising1636 Words   |  7 PagesCaitlin Scurria Professor B. Hammer PIT journal/Transfer Portfolio 21 July 2015 Gender Portrayals in Advertising Gender portrayal in advertising has been a widely discussed and researched topic for years by social scientists, consumers, and advertisers alike. However, many people have looked at the topic solely from the perspective of male and female consumers and the effect that gendered advertisements has on them. In an article from The Journal of Advertising, Linda Tuncay Zayer and CatherineRead MoreFeminism : A Negative Effect On Society1608 Words   |  7 PagesFor many years, women have strived for gaining equality with men. They have been held back and their opportunities taken away from them because of the fact that they’re women. Feminism has had a profound negative effect in the past and is still having a negative effect in the high profile of modern society. Feminism is still as relevant today as it was when women were fighting for their right to vote. In modern society, women and men aren’t thought of equals, when compared to the strong, dominantRead MoreGender Portra yals Of Women s Advertising1505 Words   |  7 PagesGender Portrayals in Advertising Gender portrayal in advertising has been a widely discussed and researched topic for years by social scientists, consumers, and advertisers alike. However, many people have looked at the topic solely from the perspective of male and female consumers and the effect that gendered advertisements have on them. In an article from The Journal of Advertising, Linda Tuncay Zayer and Catherine A. Coleman researched this topic from a different angle. The article, AdvertisingRead MoreWomens Rights Through History1127 Words   |  5 PagesVoices, Women’s Lives Women’s roles through history have changed and stayed the same in many different ways. Based on evidence from historical documents, â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† by Charlotte Gilman, â€Å"The Life You Save May Be Your Own† by Flannery O’Connor, â€Å"Raising A Son - With Men on the Fringes† by Robyn Marks, â€Å"Self in 1958† by Anne Sexton and modern day examples as well. Overall, since 1880, women’s rights have been a controversial topic based on their power, roles and societal expectations toRead MoreNursing Through Time Essay1331 Words   |  6 Pagesattached stigma, changing as technology and society evolved as a whole. Going from a low social class responsibility in the 19th century, to becoming a well-respected profession that it has become today, public perception, the way in which society views, has changed greatly in the last two hundred years. Along with these changes has come a large change in technology which is causing the responsibility of nurses to change as well as now individual actions are tainting the image of the nursing professionRead MoreWomen s Portrayal Of Women Essay981 Words   |  4 PagesWoman’s portrayal has changed over the years. In history, there was times where women were deprived of men s privileges, and fortunately things changed over the years. Men s perception on women has changed over the years as well. In history, women were treated as if they were alive to compliment men, and just be in the background while men thrived. There were â€Å"expectations† that women would have to depict, and stepping out of the ordinary was not respectable. A great way to see the changes of theRead MoreSample Resume : Mom s Mom Essay1562 Words   |  7 Pagesfrom the 1950’s? or perhaps a soccer mom? A Betty Crocker mom is someone who bakes and stays home to take care of the kids and the household. While a soccer mom is a mother who spends a great deal of time drivin g her kids around to extracurricular activities. These are the two main images of mothers that many people in our society have. Society holds the guidelines of how a mother are supposed to be. We may not be aware of it but, it all comes down to what we see in the media, advertisementsRead MoreNurses as the Most Highly Trusted Health Professionals: A Discussion692 Words   |  3 Pagesenvironmental, cultural, and social areas. This involves addition of women into the profession of nursing to instill the needed care to patients. The implementation of technology and education in relation to the nursing profession proves to be effective and efficient in the current health condition, in the nation. Education helps to prepare nurses for their roles and expectations. This allows them to execute their roles and responsibilities perfectly thus the highly trusted health professional group. Extensive

Romantic Music Period - 621 Words

Did music ever reach a point to where all restraints seemed cast off and composers had the opportunity to express musical freedom? Similar to the emotional and intense paintings done through this time, the music during the Romantic Period also expressed heightened passion and paralleled the trends in art. It lasted from circa 1825- 1900. Looking at the musicians during this time, the purpose of the music, and the things that characterized Romantic music, one will see how things changed from the previous Classical period. Many of the great, famed musicians now known today lived during the Romantic period. Some of the better known names included Rossini, Mendelssohn, Tchaikovsky, Chopin, and Brahms. Gioachino Rossini, known for his piece, The Barber of Seville, excelled in operas. His overtures grew to be extremely popular pieces as well and are still played to this day. Felix Mendelssohn started his career early in life and grew famous off his own overtures as well. Connecting with na ture as many of the Romantic composers, he composed the Fingal’s Cave Overture which mirrors the waves and coasts of Scotland. Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky gained his fame as the most well-known Russian composer through his ballets, such as Swan Lake and the Nutcracker Suite. Frà ©dà ©ric Chopin had many different famous pieces with Nocturne No. 9 and Scherzo for piano No. 2 in B flat minor gaining a place above the rest. His music left him as one of the most significant Romantic composers. Finally yetShow MoreRelatedRomantic Antics during the Romantic Period of Music567 Words   |  2 Pages What makes you think of the Romantic Period in music? The music period deemed the â€Å"Romantic Period† was brought into place by the major social and political stresses following the French Revolution, having the outcome of trends worldwide. The Romantic Period itself, outside of music, was a dramatic movement that was caused by rebelling everything that the Classical Period held as far as standards in music, art, and societal living. This rebellion against the cultural norm caused differing standpointsRead MoreEssay about Music of the Romantic Period 1057 Words   |  5 Pagesviolin and orchestra but the edition being performed today was transcribed and edited for saxophone and piano by Peter Saiano. During this period of his life, Beethoven was still known as perhaps the greatest pianist in existence and he was busy touring Europe as a performer. He had not yet achieved the status he now holds as a composer, and during this period he was also working on his first set of string quartets. Romance in F major contains several technical passages for the saxophonist thatRead MoreCharacteristics of the Romantic Music Period Essay2477 Words   |  10 PagesIt is arguable that some Romantic music made greater demands upon its listeners than did music of previous historical periods. What were those demands? Why did these changes come about? And what strategies can you formulate for listening to this music today? In consideration of the musical changes present in the Romantic era, this essay will contend that these changes are very much related to the wider social and technological changes in society around that time. Thus, it is importantRead MoreThe Music Of Beethoven : The Period Of Classical And Romantic Eras1129 Words   |  5 Pagesthe name of Ludwig Van Beethoven. Born in Bonn, Germany, Beethoven was well known for expanding the ideas of symphonies, sonatas, quartets, and concertos. Moreover, the music of Beethoven paved a way, as he became one of the most predominant and influential musical figures within the transitional period of classical and romantic eras. Growing up, life wasn’t easy for Beethoven, he suffered from the loss of his mother at the age of 16 and his father, who was a court singer, was well known for beingRead MoreThe New Idea Of Romanticism1745 Words   |  7 Pageswho was one of the most prominent writers in the Romantic Era who stressed nature, and paid close attention to the physical world. Also liberating the Romantic Era, but in musical composition, and also born in 1770, Ludwig Van Beethoven, who was an extraordinary and influential composer, bridged the gap between the Classical and Romantic Periods through stylistic innovations. Wordsworth and Beethoven both stand on the forefront, manifesting Romantic ideas through literary and musical composition withoutRead MoreFrom the concrete structure of the Baroque period to the free-form structure of the Modern period1300 Words   |  6 Pagesconcrete structure of the Baroque period to the free-form structure of the Modern period each composer brings forth a new understanding and value to their time period. Within these pieces that they creatively compose it brings new light and displays the culture of the time period. The composers each have story to tell and has each creatively constructed their own works within the diameters of their era. The music of the Baroque period was focused on having music be a tool of communication to itsRead MoreEssay about The Ideals Of Instrumental Music840 Words   |  4 Pagesone point in the study of the Romantic period of music, we come upon the first of several apparently opposing conditions that plague all attempts to grasp the meaning of Romantic as applied to the music of the 19th century. This opposition involved the relation between music and words. If instrumental music is the perfect Romantic art, why is it acknowledged that the great masters of the symphony, the highest form of instrumental music, were not Romantic composers, but were the ClassicalRead MoreRomanticism in Music1653 Words   |  7 Pagestwentieth century. Drastic changes in the arts took place over the course of this time period. During this movement, much emphasis was placed on emotion and imagination in the arts. Prior to the Romantic Period, music had been seen more as recreation and njoyment than as an integral part of culture. The term Romanticism was first used in England and Germany in reference to a form of literature. It soon after spread to music and the visual arts. Romanticism was largely a product of two important revolutionsRead MoreJohann Sebastian Bach Vs. Felix Mendelssohn1557 Words   |  7 PagesMendelssohn Johann Sebastian Bach, or Bach as he is commonly referred to, and Felix Mendelssohn are composers of the Baroque and Romantic period respectively. Both we’re prolific composers and had a critical impact on the period of music in which they wrote. These composers share many differences in their upbringings, the period in which they composed, and the music itself; however upon further examination there are also many similarities between the two influential artists. Johann Sebastian BachRead MoreRomantic Style Composers: Franz Schubert Essay1162 Words   |  5 Pagesprominent composers in the Romantic era. He was the first composer to live off only the money he got from composing. He wrote many compositions during his short lifetime, especially art songs (â€Å"OnMusic†). (3) In the Romantic era the compositions were very expressive and inventive. The Romantic composers experimented with already existing forms, and dramatic expressiveness. This grew out of the improvement of instruments and the newly invented genres (Britannica). The limits in music composing were pushed

Microbiology Free Essays

Before Koch’s developed the understanding of the causes of disease, Louis Pasteur published his ‘germ theory’ in 1861. His theory was that germs also cause human diseases. He carried out a series of experiments three years later, which convinced scientists that his germ theory was correct. We will write a custom essay sample on Microbiology or any similar topic only for you Order Now It meant that for the first time in history, scientists and doctors knew the origin of diseases – in general. When Koch further developed Pasteur’s germ theory, he was the first person to have identified the specific microbe that causes an individual disease. Robert Koch’s breakthrough was important because his methods were adapted from other scientists, who discovered the bacteria that cause other diseases. Once they had indentified the bacteria, they could develop vaccines to prevent people getting diseases. For example, Koch investigated tuberculosis and found a way of staining the microbe causing the disease so that it stood out under a microscope from other microbes. This breakthrough was important because now other scientists could use this method and they found other microbes that caused diseases such as typhoid, cholera, pneumonia, meningitis and plague. Koch’s work didn’t save people’s lives by itself; more vaccines were needed to give people weak doses of diseases to build up their immunity. However, now that Pasteur knew that microbes caused diseases, he carried out experiments to find more vaccines. He’s developed vaccines to prevent anthrax and chicken cholera in animals. He then investigated his vaccine for rabies on Joseph Meister, a boy who had been bitten by a rabid dog. Pasteur gave Joseph 13 injections over a two-week period and survived. Because of Koch’s development, Pasteur was able to investigate vaccination and other scientists to develop vaccines to prevent other diseases such as tuberculosis, tetanus and diphtheria. This saved many people’s lives. How to cite Microbiology, Essay examples Microbiology Free Essays

Organisational Change in Manufacturing Implementation †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Organisational Change in Manufacturing Implementation. Answer: Introduction: The notion of organisational culture comprises a system of beliefs, values as well as assumptions which are shared. These shared ideas, concepts and values have deep and significant impacts on the people in the company help to find out the way in which individuals do their work as well as the way in which they dress or their behavioural patterns. The nature of the culture of a particular organisation assists a person gain insight into the organisational interiors. The secret to a successful position and its maintenance in the global market is to understand and ascertain the ever changing needs and conduct the modification of culture accordingly. The areas of operation as well as particular expertise of an organisation, it needs to allows changes in its culture or modify its operations based on the needs. Just like every individual, every organisation is also bound to have particular traits as well as characteristics. Or it can be stated that the un-replicable characteristics of an organisation constitute its culture (Cadden, Marshall Cao, 2013). There exist numerous characteristics of organisational culture. The range of these features is varied and can have different levels from high to low. Quite simply the varying degrees of the features are bound to have different levels of impact on the organisation (Carlstrm Ekman, 2012). The first characteristic is innovation. The specific organisations having high priority in terms of their innovation involve their employees and ask them to take risks with constant encouragement. Innovation is also required in their jobs as well as their level of performances. There are several companies where innovation is not much encouraged. In such cases, the employees keep on performing their jobs in a monotonous as well as boring way without any sort of encouragement. Due to this reason the workers continue according to their previous methods of training as methods of improving their performance are not mentioned as well. The second important characteristic is the attention to detail. The features of organisational culture ascertain the degree of accuracy to which the employees of the organisation are required to perform. In those cases where organisational culture gives importance to detail, the employees are required to perform their work with both accuracy as well as precision. In those organisations which do not focus on detail, the employees as well are not asked for precision (Waddell et al., 2013). Another important characteristic is the emphasis on the outcome. Various organisations give focus only on the organisational outputs or outcomes. Much importance is not given to nature of deriving the outputs. The value creation as well as the value itself is given primary importance. Those organisations that pressurize their sales executives for getting orders completed, irrespective of any scenario, it would not be incorrect to say that the primary emphasis is on the outcome feature. Emphasis on the people is another feature. Specific companies exist that give significant importance to the people as well as impact their decisions. Due to this, the decisions which the organisational stalwarts take are given huge importance for impacting the people. Teamwork is another major issue. Particular organisations also give importance to the concept of working as a team. Teamwork is extremely important even in the context of organisational culture. Companies operating on a fruitful as well as positive connection between the managers as well as the employees or the workers usually focus on the concept of teamwork. Aggressiveness is used to ascertain whether the group members of any particular company should be easygoing or whether they should be strictly assertive in their method of dealing with the sole competitors in the market scenario. Those companies which have a culture of aggression give importance to the competitive attitude and the nature of outperformance possessed by the company. Stability is one of the inherent structures of an organisation which usually follows the traditional framework. Companies having this as a characteristic are usually predictable as well as company provided. Having both positive and negative aspects of organisational culture is not unlikely. It also acts as an emotional energizer. In case of worst situations the performance as well as productivity of the organisation can be harmed. The concept of organisational culture is very important as well as intriguing. It can be considered as a form of adhesive that helps to bind the entire operations of the organisation. The culture of the organisation can be considered as its immune system (Mohr, Young Burgess, 2012). There is the possibility of numerous internal as well as external factors impacting a specific organisational culture. The resistance to the change in an organisational culture is a particular situation in which the organisations employees resist the proposed change after sensing the arrival of the change. There is always an approach of resisting the changes to be made as many employees fear their existing positions and have no intentions of jeopardising them (Nordin et al., 2012). There exist various reasons that have the possibility of influencing the employees of a company to resist change. Out of them the most important reason is the lack of communication. This situation is because in several situations the authorities in charge of making changes and taking decisions do not inform the employees. This has a possibility of leading to resistance from the employees. In cases when the employees are not at all contacted they feel left out as well as resistant. No involvement in the decisions of the company may be a cause of irritation of the employees (Mazzucato Perez, 2014). In certain situations, many misunderstandings are present regarding the need for change in a particular organisation. According to the people working for the company, change in culture is not that much of a necessity. Changes in concepts as well as cultures of an organisation are considered to be erratic or temporary and majorly considered to vanish just after the implementation itself. Errors in communication are bound to lead to the resistance of the employees. Instances of employees falling prey to their own errors of judgement are also seen. Apart from this, thoughts not only focus on the change and its resistance but also it is felt that changing requirements cannot be helpful in meeting their requirements. It is also common opinion that ability to implement change is non-existent or very low in case of the companies. It is also felt that the implemented changes are bound to fail and as a consequence the decision will also prove to be wrong. Employees also feel that the changes in the culture are not consistent with the organisational values. Even the trust on the authorities is shaken in many cases (Vaara et al.,2012). By nature, every individual desires safety. Additionally in cases of involvement in huge organisations, with everyday changing ball games, change implementation is not properly accepted. Fear of the unknown plays a huge role in the resistance to the changes. No sort of rewards or incentives being provided also is bound to lead to anger within the employees and teams as well as leads to resistance. For prospering in the global market an organisation is required to take its employees along (Newman, 2012). A company cannot move forward without the assistance of the employees so they should aim to stop the resistance in some way or the other. There are possible ways in which the employee resistance can be stopped (Grant, 2014). It is to be kept in mind that the companies should keep updating the employees about the changes they wish to make in their existing culture. Updates should be govern at seminars as well as meetings (Hayes 2014). Employees also need to know the new and innovative business strategies and techniques to be adopted. Unless every individual of the company understands the company strategies they will not be able or willing to contribute positively to the organisation (Huhtala et al., 2013). There should be one representative from each team at all conducted seminars and meetings to keep all the teams well informed. The representatives should posses the characteristics of being vocal expressive and should have proper communication skills. Efficient personalities should help in the smooth running of the organisation. Team wise goals help the entire company in moving forward (Mitchell, 2013). Lastly the successful implementation and compensatory benefits and bonuses should be linked. Reports of time-wise performance should be kept and studied carefully for determining trends in progress. Promised rewards should definitely given in the stipulated time in order to keep the motivation alive among the employees. Change is impacted by a number of internal and external factors implementing the change requirement in any organisation. In case the negative impacts on a particular company can be removed successfully it is bound to lead to a new found and obviously better brand image. Several internal as well as external factors need to be considered such as both intra and inter -company competitions, changes in the nature of the organisational target, failure n achieving goals and so on. It can finally be concluded that it is imperative for a company to understand its true goals as also the impact of the organisational change along with its successful management. References: Cadden, T., Marshall, D., Cao, G. (2013). Opposites attract: organisational culture and supply chain performance.Supply Chain Management: An International Journal,18(1), 86-103. Carlstrm, E. D., Ekman, I. (2012). Organisational culture and change: implementing person-centred care.Journal of health organization and management,26(2), 175-191. Grant, A. M. (2014). The efficacy of executive coaching in times of organisational change.Journal of Change Management,14(2), 258-280. Hayes, J. (2014).The theory and practice of change management. Palgrave Macmillan. Huhtala, M., Feldt, T., Hyvnen, K., Mauno, S. (2013). Ethical organisational culture as a context for managers personal work goals.Journal of Business Ethics,114(2), 265-282. Mazzucato, M., Perez, C. (2014). Innovation as growth policy: the challenge for Europe. Mitchell, G. (2013). Selecting the best theory to implement planned change: Improving the workplace requires staff to be involved and innovations to be maintained. Gary Mitchell discusses the theories that can help achieve this.Nursing Management,20(1), 32-37. Mohr, D. C., Young, G. J., Burgess Jr, J. F. (2012). Employee turnover and operational performance: the moderating effect of group?oriented organisational culture.Human Resource Management Journal,22(2), 216-233. Newman, J. (2012). An organisational change management framework for sustainability.Greener Management International,57(05), 65-75. Nordin, N., Deros, B. M., Wahab, D. A., Rahman, M. N. A. (2012). A framework for organisational change management in lean manufacturing implementation.International Journal of Services and Operations Management,12(1), 101-117. Vaara, E., Sarala, R., Stahl, G. K., Bjrkman, I. (2012). The impact of organizational and national cultural differences on social conflict and knowledge transfer in international acquisitions.Journal of Management Studies,49(1), 1-27. Waddell, D., Creed, A., Cummings, T. G., Worley, C. (2013).Organisational change: Development and transformation. Cengage Learning.

Gods Touch free essay sample

When I was six, I was a bundle of energy and couldnt sort out the many thoughts that loomed in my head. After many evaluations I was labeled with Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD). This got me assigned to special education classes, but the school made no attempt to discover the cause. Confusion and lack of concentration made sitting in a classroom almost impossible. My classmates would antagonize me, knowing I had so much suppressed enrgy causing me to react to the least distraction. Eventually I was placed in special education, located in another elementary school, where I could have special help with my hyperactivity. About this time my parents discovered that my allergies were from chemicals, preservatives and food colorings. Later it was discovered that my first grade math teacher (who also suffered from allergies) had her room cleaned with strong chemicals every night. It was this pungent smell that triggered many reactions in my body. We will write a custom essay sample on Gods Touch or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page But I was teased and ridiculed by other kids, called stupid because I was sitting in special classes, which continued for the several years. School officials put a lot of pressure on my parents to put me on the Ritalin, a drug for hyperactivity. My parents reluctantly did, even though my behavior at home was very different from at school. That same year my family joined First Baptist Church of Hartford. This divine influence on Sunday afternoons began to change me. The people at the church were nice to me, which was different. I was used to kids picking on me. At First Baptist, where we were the only white family, I found agape/love, which was missing in my life. I met many invaluable friends and learned what it is like to be the minority. One day I was in the basement of the church where I saw a frail black woman stumbling as she walked. She must have been eighty. She was excited and I wondered why. Soon after, a spry lady returned. I understood. The young woman who was filled with the Spirit of God was laying her hands on the sick and crippled people of the congregation. They were being healed. I walked to the pulpit and asked her to heal my hyperactivity and my allergies. She touched my forehead and I fell straight back. Embarrassed, I jumped up with all my might, but when she touched me again and I was out cold. I woke up ten minutes later with a blanket over me. My friends said I had been slain in the Spirit. Since then my life has changed. I immediately stopped taking Ritalin. I was moved out of Special Education classes and placed in the regular classes where it was discovered that I was well ahead of most of the other students. My social worker, who knew nothing of my healing experience, called my transition into the regular classroom a miracle. Miracle? Faith? The loving persistence of my parents? You can decide. I only know that all our journeys in life have a purpose and become our driving force to improve life for ourselves and for others.

How to Become a Meteorologist at Any Age

How to Become a Meteorologist at Any Age If you or someone you know watches the Weather Channel for hours at a time, gets excited when weather watches and warnings are issued, or always knows what this and next weeks weather will be, it may be a sign that a meteorologist in-the-making is in your midst. Heres my advice (from a meteorologist herself) on how to become a meteorologist- regardless of your education level. Elementary, Middle, and High Schoolers   Find Ways to Focus on Weather in the ClassroomMeteorology isnt a part of a core curriculum, however, most science classes do include lesson plans on weather and the atmosphere. Although there may not be many chances to include weather in daily learning, one way to express your individual interest is to make use of any choose your own show-and-tell, science project, or research assignments by focusing on a weather-related topic. Be Math-MindedBecause meteorology is whats called a physical science, a solid understanding of mathematics and physics is important in order for you to grasp the advanced concepts youll learn later in your weather studies. Be sure to take courses like Calculus in high school- youll thank yourself later! (Dont be discouraged if these subjects arent your favorites...not all meteorologists were members of the math club.) Undergraduate Students   A Bachelors degree (B.S.) is typically the minimum requirement needed to obtain an entry-level meteorologist position. Unsure if youll need more training? One simple way to find out is to search the job boards of companies youd like to work for or do a Google search for job openings for a position you think youd like to do, then tailor your skills to those listed in the position description. Choosing a universityLess than 50 years ago, the number of North American schools offering degree programs in meteorology was under 50. Today, that number has nearly tripled. Those accepted as top schools for meteorology include: Pennsylvania State University (University Park, PA),Florida State University (Tallahassee, FL),and the University of Oklahoma (Norman, OK). Are Internships a Must Do? In a word, yes. Internships and co-op opportunities provide hands-on experience, give entry-level resumes a boost, and allow you to explore different disciplines within meteorology which will ultimately aid you in discovering which area (broadcasting, forecasting, climatology, government, private industry, etc.) best suits your personality and interests. By connecting you with a professional organization, a diversity of scientists, and perhaps even a mentor, an internship also helps build your professional network and network of references. Whats more, if you do a stellar job as an intern youll likely increase your chances of getting employed at that company after graduation. Keep in mind that you wont be eligible for most internships until your Junior year. Even so, dont make the mistake of waiting until the summer of your Senior year to get involved- the number of programs accepting recent graduates is far and few between. What sorts of opportunities should you, an underclassman, consider in the meantime? Possibly a summer job. Most weather internships are unpaid, so working in the summers prior can help ease that financial burden. Graduate-Level Students   If your heart is set on a career in atmospheric research (including storm chasing), teaching in a university setting, or consulting work, you should be prepared to continue your education at the masters (M.S.) and/or doctorate (Ph.D.) levels. Choosing a graduate degree programWhile returning to your alma mater is one option, youll also want to shop around for schools whose facilities and faculty support research that matches your interests. Professionals   The above advice is helpful to individuals planning their academic career, but what options exist for individuals already in the workforce? Certificate programsCertificates of Meteorology are a great way to gain training in weather without the full commitment of entering into a degree program. Not to mention these are earned by completing a fraction of the coursework required for degree programs (10-20 semester hours vs. 120 or more). Some classes can even be completed online in a distance learning manner. Well-known certificate programs offered in the U.S. include Penn States Undergraduate Certificate in Weather Forecasting  and the Broadcast and Operational Meteorology certificate programs offered by Mississippi State.  Ã‚   Leisurely Meteorologists Not interested in going back to school or participating in a certificate program, but still want to feed your inner weather geek? You could always become a citizen scientist. Whatever your age, its never too early or too late to grow your love and knowledge of weather!

IT'S AN AD,AD,AD,AD WORLD Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

IT'S AN AD,AD,AD,AD WORLD - Essay Example One would ask 'why people switch to buying online rather than visiting stores and feeling the actual experience. Online Shopping is shopping you do online. There are sites that let you buy directly from manufacturers, online versions of regular retail stores, auctions, specialty sites, comparison sites, group buying sites and so on. With companies like e-bay and Amazon, life has become easier for the firms as these sites contain not just only catalogs but also information about the related products which the previous buyers had viewed or tagged before buying the particular product. This adds to the ease of making decision for the customer. Further such sites also allow giving technical support to both the firm and the customer. For example e-bay provides seller tools to help run a business more efficiently, such as 'Turbo Lister' and 'Selling Manager'. The world is changing rapidly and therefore it is an agile competition overall. Each organization requires a perfect strategic edge in order to maintain or improve its clientele. The Web is regarded as the database of databases and in current perspective it has eased the search criteria for every individual involved in buying or selling online. But the point raised is of quality, as so far, the quality sources are difficult to find unless you have the right to enter into the virtual libraries of this world. Since it is more feasible to buy online so one may wonder how easy it gets to buy online, you simply have to type in a word or a phrase which best describes what you are looking for. You can use the product name, manufacturer or type. After you enter your search words, you'll get a list of items matching your description. Here you can witness the resource description as it contains almost all information required for buying purposes. These catalogs allow you to have a feel of the actual equipment and also provide information about the complements (add-ons) you can apply to your product. Simply click on any link for get more specifics. Many businesses have online catalogs. First you need to log on to any desirable site and the next thing you would do is, simply search for the product and make a decision. Firms have been using different strategies in order to attain a higher market share. They, not only advertise using the mainstream Web applications but also acquire information of users from different sites that have member areas, however these sites only provide data of those members who are willing to be public. The firms use this data and attract customers by sending them e-mails which carry the producers' taglines and the links to the ordering sites. This is rather a direct marketing tool used by firms and it has great potential in delivering quality ads to the target customers but the problem is of privacy infringement and therefore only a small number of persons contacted respond to these e-mails. The main forms of ads present on the Web are in forums, blogs, main pages, search engines and reference sites. In these ads, only the main content is highlighted that is they become more appealing to everyone. These ads attract about 1 out of the 20 visitors who would go for the product and view its features. Producers expose there products on the global stratum thereby attracting different people form different cultures. These ads

The United States has several laws that are intended to further fair, Research Paper

The United States has several laws that are intended to further fair, balanced, and competitive business practices. Do you think that such laws are effective If so, why If not, why not - Research Paper Example Numerous attempts have been made by the United States to make sure that regulatory systems exist to control monopolistic entities and aggressively enterprising organizations. This control is geared towards not only protecting consumers, but also smaller business trying to grow. Numerous laws have been enacted over the years, for example, the Clayton Act to work towards preventing monopolies. Collectively the laws are referred to as antitrust legislation. This paper investigates the effectiveness of such laws within the United States. The courts have a tendency of being vague when it comes to antitrust regulations. According to the legal systems, thee antitrust laws are intended for the promotion and preservation of competition and enterprise system that is free (Blaisdell, 2008). This vague definition does not do much to enlighten one who wants to know about the laws or is doing business and wants to abide by them. There is no clear layman explanation of these laws and their application. The only way one can have a better understanding of the antitrust laws is by looking at the ruling of cases heard before. The reality of the matter is that interpreting these laws whether in theory or practically can lead to wrong conclusions. The interpretation of the laws by the legal infrastructure make one assumption that the independence of buyers and sellers in the business decision making process encourages completion. The decisions can be made by competitors who will agree on market shares, product restrictions among other things. If these decisions are made independent of the consumer, they might end up suffering as they are not involved in the decision making process. The exclusion of the customer needs within the decisions made by companies may end up limiting choice. The decisions made by the companies may be legally sound but logically, they are hindering the intent of the competition. There is a necessity to set up robust infrastructure to ensure that antitrust

Westfailure System by Susan Strange Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Westfailure System by Susan Strange - Essay Example On social sphere, strong connection of social suffering with economic inequality causes wide gap between rich and poor classes, which potentially leads to uprisings. Thus, current power balance in terms of state sovereignty cannot manage all the domestic and global challenges the world faces today. On another hand, Mearsheimer’s ‘E.H.Carr vs. Idealism: The Battle Rages On’ (2005) discusses the role of power from both realist and idealist perspectives. Precisely, the author wants to draw the line and find possible compromise in describing state’s nature between its realist willingness to obtain power and proclaimed liberal ideals. Moreover, the author raises deep concern on neglecting of realist thinkers in contemporary academic circles. Even though states during post-Cold War world justify their actions by idealist rhetoric, Mearsheimer by citing Carr blames them to hide the real power interests behind them. Thus, explaining contemporary states and their be havior on international stage in only liberal terms is the wrong way of understanding global reality.2. State and power arguments in the presented articles and commonalities between themSpecifically, both authors construct their arguments by using concepts of state and power in different environments. In this section, there is a detailed description of the arguments presented in both researches with summarizing commonalities between them.As for Strange, she sees state in the broader context than only through appearance as political entity.

Selective Toxicity Of Anti Cancer Agents Biology Essay

Selective Toxicity Of Anti Cancer Agents Biology Essay Cancer is known to be caused by a large group of various diseases, all involved in cellular malfunction. It dates back to about 1600 BC when it was first found in an Egyptian papyrus (Wu et al, 2006) and thought to be incurable till surgery and radiation became the means of treatment in the mid-1900s. After many years it was realised that using either or combination of treatment, metastatic cancer could not be controlled and in order to gain therapeutic effect, the therapy had to reach every organ of the body. Research in drug discovery and development now focuses on using chemotherapy especially those that are selectively toxic e.g. antimetabolites (Thurston, 2007). It is not fully understood why they are selectively toxic but they are more effective on tumour cells because they are able to divide faster that healthy cells. Selective toxicity was defined as materials that are able to damage some types of cells and not the others (Albert, 1951). Even though mortality rate has not imp roved much, characteristics and pathways of cells in different tumours have been identified so as to develop therapies for specific tumour. The therapies developed either target protein that cause or are involved in development of tumour directly or by targeting drugs to the tumour. Examples of new drugs that have resulted from advances in drug discovery are (Narang Desai, 2009) : Imatinib (Gleevec) inhibits binding of protein (BCR-ABL) which is found in CML tumour cells. Gefitinib (Iressa1) inhibits epidermal growth factor receptorà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢s. It is used to treat lung cancer. Trastuzumab (Herceptin1) is another monoclonal antibody that binds the cell surface HER2/neu (erbB2) receptor and is used in treating erbB2+ breast cancer. This report will focus on principles and challenges of selective toxicity of chemotherapy, how they work, the limitations of the current chemotherapy and ways to improve drugs. MECHANISM OF ACTION Chemotherapy drugs are able to move throughout the body to get to where they are intended by entering the bloodstream through an injection, a drip which are usually through a vein or as capsules and tablets. For chemotherapy to work it is important to understand cell cycle, this is because chemotherapy drugs work mainly on actively reproducing cells in the body where some drugs attack particular phases of the cell cycle like the S phase. In cancerous cells, the checkpoints are damaged causing the cancer cells to continue to grow out of control. Chemotherapy works by damaging the genes present inside the nucleus of cells. Some drugs work by damaging cells when they are beginning to divide or while copies are being made. Chemotherapy drugs cause the cancerous cells to think that their lifespan has finished which leads to apoptosis. There are different classes of selective toxicity drugs which have different methods for killing cancerous cells, some of which are below(ACS, 2013): Alkylating agents (e.g. busulfan) are selectively toxic to DNA, where they damage DNA so as to prevent cancer cells from reproducing. Active in all the phases of cell cycle and are used to treat a wide variety of cancer like leukaemia Antimetabolites(5-fluorouracil), these agents alter DNA and RNA growth by replacing building blocks normally present in DNA and RNA. They work in the S phase and are used to treat breast cancer. Anti-tumour antibiotics/Anthracyclines (Doxorubicin) are also important as they affect the enzymes that contribute to DNA replication. Other cancer drugs- these are not classified as chemotherapy drugs and they are still new. There are different types, the active and passive where active stimulates the immune system to attack the disease and passive(monoclonal antibody, e.g. Rituximab which binds to particular substances) uses antibodies that were made synthetically. In 2010, the first vaccine for cancer called the Provenge for prostate cancer was approved by the FDA (ACS, 2013). Below Figure 1 shows the new selectively toxic agents that target specific sites and how they influence those sites. Figure : Shows new group of anti-cancer agents designed to target specific protein that contributes to growth of tumour (Wu et al, 2006). PRINCIPLES Chemotherapy drugs that are selectively toxic have been the first choice of treatment for many cancers and there are over 100 drugs in the market today (ACS, 2013) used alone or with other treatments. It is also important to understand how these drugs work so doctors (oncologists) can predict which drugs can be combined with them and how often each drug can be administered to patients. There are three key goals of these chemotherapy treatment (ACS, 2013): The most important goal of chemotherapy is to cure cancer where the cancer/tumour is cleared from the system. There are no guarantees with this treatment as it might even take years for a patient to be cured of cancer. In a situation where cure is not possible it is important to control the disease by shrinking cancer or stopping it from growing or spreading. This is also important as it gives the possibility of a longer life because it is controlled like a disease that is chronic like diabetes. Last is palliation, which is important when cancer is at an advanced stage. Chemotherapy drugs in this case can be used to relieve symptoms or improve the patients quality of life. LIMITATIONS Normal cells that divide rapidly are damaged by these chemotherapeutic agents because they cannot differentiate between cell reproducing normal tissues and cancer cells as they are not highly selective therefore causing the following side effects (Salmon Sartorelli, 1998). Bone marrow suppression because the bone marrow cells normally divide quickly Alopecia because hair follicle cells are able to divide frequently as well GI disturbances (Nausea and Vomiting) due to mucosal cells dividing rapidly Some of these agents cause serious side effects which may lead to permanent damage to a vital organ (liver, lungs) in the body, cause infertility, heart problems or disrupt the central nervous system by causing damage. Another big problem is the development of resistance of chemotherapy drugs to treating different tumours which can occur before treatment with drug or over time after treatment. In some cases continuous/prolonged exposure to one chemotherapy drug can cause resistance to other compounds with similar structures (Akhdar, 2012). Resistance can also develop if the drug concentration in the patient is reduced due to diminished cellular diffusion or increased drug efflux. Chemotherapy treatment is also expensive and might take a couple of years before the disease is eradicated. In some cases the treatment does not work or may not destroy the cancer completely. Lastly, it makes the immune system very weak. Ways to Improve Drug A way of improving drug or avoiding resistance is using a combination of variety of cytotoxic agents as it allows prompt attack of different biological targets therefore increasing the effect of the treatment (Thurston, 2007) or with other agents that act as sensitizers to these cytotoxic agents (Narang Desai, 2009). Another way is developing new formulations that can prevent the severe side effects associated with a particular drug e.g. Doxorubicin caused cardiotoxicity but with new formulations like the liposomal formulation there are decreased side effects that are manageable and due to the selectivity of the new drug it works better than the conventional anthracycline. The use of adjuvants can minimize toxicity of anticancer drugs, therefore reducing the side effects of some of the drugs. A better diet is also advised, especially with avoiding food that cause inactivation of the drugs. Vitamin C found in citrus fruits like oranges have been found to influence anticancer drugs and reduce toxicity to the body (Salmon Sartorelli, 1998). Conclusion It can be concluded that there are three important factors to consider in selective toxicity of a drug, they are the tumour, drug and most especially the host. There have been a lot of improvement with using chemotherapy to manage cancer even though they cause severe side effects and resistance. Other challenges faced are the cost, time involved and the high mortality rate. This has brought about increase in effort of scientists to search for ways for the body to fight cancer tissue and find better cytotoxic agents to fight cancer cells.

Exile And Pain In Three Elegiac Poems Essay -- essays research papers

There is a great similarity between the three elegiac poems, The Wanderer, The Wife of Lament, and The Seafarer. This similarity is the theme of exile. Exile means separation, or banishment from ones native country, region, or home. During the Anglo Saxon period, exile caused a great amount of pain and grief. The theme is shown to have put great sadness into literature of this time period. The majority of the world's literature from the past contains the theme of exile. The Wife of Lament is another perfect example of literature with exile, and was written by an unknown author. The most striking example of exile in this poem can be seen in the passage when she says, "A song I sing of sorrow unceasing, the tale of my trouble, the weight of my woe, woe of the present, and woe of the past, woe never-ending of exile, and grief, but never since girlhood greater then now." The woman's husband left her in a life of exile, after he left. She is constantly looking for him, and finds a life that is quite similar to being locked away in prison. She is locked up in a cave under a tree. Her joy comes from thinking that her husband is as miserable as her. In the first passage from the poem, The Wanderer, it speaks of exile by saying, "To the wanderer, weary of exile cometh Gods pity, compassionate love, though woefully toiling on wintry seas with churning oar in the icy wave, homeless and helpless he fled from fate." It can be easily seen...